STORY HIGHLIGHTS
- NEW: Frederick Buttaccio was killed in Algeria, a U.S. official says
- Algeria says 12 hostages overall were killed in the wake of a military operation
- Terrorists are "entrenched" in a gas refinery with captives, Algerian state news says
- The U.S. rejects a reported prisoner exchange offer voiced by a jihadist spokesman
(CNN) -- After days of chaos, drama and an untold number of deaths, Algerian special forces troops are holding their fire -- and hoping for a peaceful resolution -- to the hostage crisis at a gas facility in the North African nation's remote eastern desert.
Survivors have described their harrowing escapes from Islamic militants who attacked Wednesday. Some invented disguises, others sneaked out with locals, and at least one ran for his life with plastic explosives strapped around his neck.
Yet others didn't make it -- either because they were killed or are still being held.
Algerian troops earlier this week staged a military offensive that some nations slammed, claiming it didn't make hostages' safety the top priority. For now, they are trying a different tact, the state-run Algerian Press Service reported Friday evening.
"The special forces ... are still seeking a peaceful settlement before neutralizing the terrorist group currently entrenched in the refinery, and free a group of hostages who are still detained," according to the official report.
It isn't clear how many hostages were seized by the Islamic militants and how many were initially or are still being held. The Thursday military operation ended with 650 hostages -- including 100 foreigners -- freed, while at least 12 were killed, reports the Algerian Press Service.
The dead include one American, Frederick Buttaccio, according to U.S. State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland, as well as one French and one British citizen.
At least 30 foreign workers were unaccounted for, according to the official media report, which has not been separately confirmed.
British Prime Minister David Cameron said Friday that "significantly" fewer than 30 of his countrymen were still hostages. There could be as few as three Americans still being held, two U.S. officials said earlier this week.
The fate of eight workers with Norway's Statoil, some of them Norwegians, is unclear, according to the company. The same is true for 14 Japanese, Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga told reporters in Tokyo. And Malaysia's state-run news agency, citing its foreign ministry, reported Thursday two of its citizens were held captive.
A spokesman for Moktar Belmoktar, a veteran jihadist who leads the Brigade of the Masked Ones -- a militant group associated with al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb -- reportedly offered to free U.S. hostages in exchange for two prisoners.
The prisoners are Sheikh Omar Abdel Rahman, who orchestrated the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, and Aafia Siddiqui, a Pakistani woman jailed in the United States on terrorism charges, the spokesman said in an interview with a private Mauritanian news agency.
Asked Friday about the offer, State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland rejected it, restating U.S. policy of not negotiating with terrorists.
Opinion: Algeria situation is a wake-up call for the U.S.
With the situation remains very much unsettled, officials from countries involved in the crisis said they have no doubt who is to blame.
"This is an act of terror," U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Friday. "The terrorists ... are the ones who have assaulted this facility (and took) hostage Algerians and others (from) around the world who were going about their daily business."
A dangerous escape
The ordeal began when the militants -- apparently angry about Algeria's support in a rout of their comrades in neighboring Mali -- targeted the gas field, which is operated by Algeria's state oil company in partnership with foreign companies.
At the start of the siege, the militants gathered all Westerners into one group and tied them up, according to survivors.
The kidnappers were equipped with AK-47 rifles and put explosives-laden vests on some hostages, a U.S. State Department official said.
Some escaped by disguising themselves, according to Regis Arnoux, who runs a catering firm at the site and spoke to some of his 150 employees who were freed. He said they all were "traumatized."
Some Algerian hostages were free to walk around the site but not leave, according to Arnoux. A number of them still escaped.
As the Algerian military launched its operation Thursday, the militants moved some hostages, according to one survivor's account.
With plastic explosives strapped around their necks, these captives were blindfolded and gagged before being loaded into five Jeeps, according to the brother of former hostage Stephen McFaul.
McFaul managed to escape after the vehicle he was in -- one of several targeted by Algerian fighters -- crashed, with the explosives still around his neck, his brother told CNN from Belfast, Northern Ireland.
"I haven't seen my mother move as fast in all my life, and my mother smile as much, hugging each other," Brian McFaul said upon his family hearing his brother was safe. "... You couldn't describe the feeling."
Sadly, McFaul said the other four Jeeps were "wiped out" in an explosion, and his brother believed the hostages inside did not survive.
Nations mobilize to help citizens caught up in crisis
U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, speaking in London, said the United States was working round the clock to ensure the safe return of its citizens.
Those freed include some Americans, while other U.S. nationals are still unaccounted for, U.S. officials said.
Meanwhile, the United States is evacuating 10 to 20 people caught up in the crisis, a U.S. defense official told CNN on Friday. They will be taken to U.S. facilities in Europe, the official said, where the condition of those injured can be assessed.
Britain has sent trauma experts and consular affairs officers who can issue emergency passports to a location about 450 kilometers (280 miles) away from the besieged plant, a Foreign Office official said, so they'll be "as close" as possible to the scene.
BP said Friday that a "small number of BP employees" were unaccounted for. The same held for some workers with Statoil, though nine others with the company -- including five who escaped -- are safe. Four Norwegians and a Canadian with that oil firm are in an airport hotel in Bergen, Norway, after being transported from Algeria, Statoil spokeswoman Sissel Rinde said.
Both BP and Statoil -- two of the foreign companies with In Amenas operations -- are pulling personnel from Algeria, which is Africa's largest natural gas producer and a major supplier of natural gas to Europe.
BP said it had flown 11 of its employees and several hundred staff from other companies out of the North African country Thursday and expected another flight Friday.
Mark Cobb, a Texan who has a LinkedIn profile identifying him as general manager for a BP joint venture out of In Amenas, told CNN he was "safe," having escaped on "the first day," though he didn't elaborate.
A U.S. military C-130 plane flew 12 wounded in the ordeal out of Algeria earlier Friday, a U.S. defense official said. None of them were Americans, though efforts continue to evacuate freed Americans.
There is so much conflicting information on safety of the hostages.
Yoshihide Suga, Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary
Three workers for a Japanese engineering company that was working on the site have been contacted and are safe, said Takeshi Endo, a senior manager for JGC Corp. But the company had not been able to contact 14 others, he said.
France's foreign ministry said that, in addition to one death, three of its citizens were rescued.
Japan 'terribly disappointed' in Algerian military operation
Algeria faces tough questions from governments of kidnapped nationals over its handling of the crisis. Neither the United States nor Britain, for instance, were told in advance about Algeria's military operation Thursday.
Japanese Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said his nation's officials urged Algeria's government to avoid exposing hostages to danger. Japanese Vice Minister Shunichi Suzuki summoned Algeria's ambassador Friday to express Tokyo's concern
"We are terribly disappointed about the Algerians' military operation," Suga said.
U.S. officials offered a similar plea to the Algerians, urging them to be cautious and make the hostages' safety their first priority, an official in President Barack Obama's administration said.
A senior U.S. official said U.S. officials did not trust information they got from the Algerians, "because we hear one thing and then we hear something else."
But Algeria acted out of a sense of urgency, Communications Minister Mohamed Said told state television, after noticing hostages being moved toward "a neighboring country," where kidnappers could use them "as a means of blackmail with criminal intent."
Algerian troops fired on at least two SUVs trying to leave the facility, Algerian radio said. And a reporter saw clashes near the site, according to the Algerian Press Service and radio reports.
"There were a number of dead and injured, we don't have a final figure," the communications minister said of casualties following the operation.
Belmoktar, the man behind the group claiming responsibility for the attack and kidnappings, is known for seizing hostages.
French counterterrorism forces have long targeted Belmoktar, an Algerian who lost an eye fighting in Afghanistan in his teens. Libyan sources said he spent several months in Libya in 2011, exploring cooperation with local jihadist groups and securing weapons.
The militants said they carried out the operation because Algeria allowed French forces to use its airspace in attacking Islamist militants in Mali. Media in the region reported the attackers issued a statement demanding an end to "brutal aggression on our people in Mali" and cited "blatant intervention of the French crusader forces in Mali."
Latest on the Mali situation
French Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault said the Algerian hostage situation "confirms the gravity of the terrorist threat and the necessity to fight it with a determined and united front."
That sentiment was echoed by Clinton, the top U.S. diplomat. She stressed the need for a concerted, international effort to address terrorist and other threats around Africa.
"It is absolutely essential that, while we work to resolve this particular terrible situation, we continue to broaden and deepen our counterterrorism cooperation," she said Friday. "It is not only cooperation with Algeria, it is international cooperation against a common threat."
CNN's Barbara Starr, Laura Smith-Spark, Mike Mount, Joe Sutton, Elwyn Lopez, Frederik Pleitgen, Dan Rivers, Mitra Mobasherat, Saskya Vandoorne, Laura Perez Maestro, Junko Ogura, Dheepthi Namasivayam, Saad Abedine, Elise Labott and Tim Lister contributed to this report, as did journalists Peter Taggart from Belfast and Said Ben Ali from Algiers.
